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Southern Spaces
A journal about real and imagined spaces and places of the US South and their global connections

Jim Crow Journeys: An Excerpt from Traveling Black

...of a number of nineteenth-century railroads whose proprietors wished to emphasize that their routes were more direct than those of competing roads. Black travelers described it in a discrimination complaint...

Brown, Black, and White in Texas

...African American populations in roughly equal numbers. Reflecting this demography, Texas maintained a "dual Jim Crow system" (5) which enforced discrimination against both populations through a hodge-podge of laws and...