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The Liminal Site

...with a Chinese or Japanese provenance—daphnes, gardenias, camellias, lacecap hydrangeas. (While there were several evergreen azaleas already on the property, however, I was not tempted to add to their number.)...

Prop Master at Charleston's Gibbes Museum of Art

...and Logan placed Caucasian and African American hair together in some of the miniatures, referencing how these objects were treasured as keepsakes of a beloved other. The adding of hair...

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Review In 2001, lifelong Anniston, Alabama, resident Ruth Mims was called to testify in a lawsuit against the multinational corporation Monsanto. Monsanto had owned and operated a chemical manufacturing facility...

Social Justice Environmentalism

Essay In a 2017 essay, National Museum of African American History and Culture director Lonnie Bunch noted that, like much of black history, environmental activism by people of color is...

Enslaved Labor and Building the Smithsonian: Reading the Stones

...seems a fair conclusion that, as oral history accounts by Seneca's current African American community members attest, the majority of labor in the quarry was done by enslaved men possessed...

Southern Spaces Recommends, October 2020

...inverting it as a pair of West Virginians try to repair their new vacation home in the mountains and are repeatedly harassed by a group of college kids convinced that...

University of Texas Press and Southern Spaces Katrina Bookshelf Series Collaboration

...was nearly emptied of life. If measured by the number of lives it claimed, Katrina does not qualify as the worst disaster in our history. But it was far and away...

The Makers of the Sacred Harp

...In the case of the “revival spiritual songs” that began to appear in great numbers in 1840s tunebooks, including The Sacred Harp, Steel speculates that some may have had their...

Dixie Destinations: Rereading Jonathan Daniels's A Southerner Discovers the South

...the summer of 1938. By taking to the road, Daniels was following the lead of a number of writers who set out to see the United States in the midst...

References
1.	Jonathan Daniels to Josephus Daniels, 19 April 1937, in Folder 151 of the Jonathan Daniels Papers #3466, Southern Historical Collection, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Hereafter Daniels Papers, SHC.
2.	"Notes Made on Southern Tour," p. 1, typescript in Folder 2089b, Daniels Papers, SHC.
3.	Jonathan Daniels, A Southerner Discovers the South (New York: Macmillan, 1938). All references are to this edition. Publishers Weekly listed A Southerner Discovers the South among its "Candidates for the Best Seller List" in its July 30, August 6, and August 20, 1938, issues. The book then made the magazine's weekly and monthly best sellers lists for August and September.
4.	For the book's popularity in the South, see "The Week's Best Sellers," Publishers Weekly, 3 September 1938, 768. Graham's view, expressed in a letter to Southern Policy Committee founder Francis Pickens Miller, is noted in Patricia Sullivan, Days of Hope: Race and Democracy in the New Deal Era (Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1996), 67.
5.	Morris Dickstein, Dancing in the Dark: A Cultural History of the Great Depression (New York: Norton, 2009), 9-10. On the documentary tradition of the 1930s, see William Stott, Documentary Expression and Thirties America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973); John Rogers Puckett, Five Photo-Textual Documentaries from the Great Depression (Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, 1984); Carl Fleischhauer and Beverly W. Brannan, eds. Documenting America, 1935-1943 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988); Michael E. Staub, Voices of Persuasion: Politics of Representation in 1930s America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994); Michael Denning, The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century (London and New York: Verso, 1997), esp. 118-19; and Linda Gordon, Dorothea Lange: A Life Beyond Limits (New York: Norton, 2009).
6.	Daniels left Fortune and returned to Raleigh in 1932, but not until after the November presidential election. See Jonathan Worth Daniels, interview by Charles Eagles, 9-11 March 1977, interview A-0313, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, available online in theDocumenting the American South Collection at http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0313/menu.html. For Daniels' awareness of James Rorty's travels, see A Southerner Discovers the South, 86-87.
7.	Daniels, A Southerner Discovers the South, 10.
8.	"A Southerner Discovers the South," Avalanche-Journal, Lubbock, Texas, 17 July 1938, 21.
9.	Lambert Davis, "Progress below the Potomac," Saturday Review of Literature, 16 July 1938, 5.
10.	The July 12 publication date is mentioned in "Opportune Opus for Dixie," Richmond Times-Dispatch, 19 July 1938, clipping in A Southerner Discovers the South scrapbook, Folder OP-3466/24, Daniels Papers, SHC. On the leak of Roosevelt's letter, see David L. Carlton and Peter A. Coclanis, eds. Confronting Southern Poverty in the Great Depression: The Report on Economic Conditions of the South with Related Documents (Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1996), 19-20; and Steve Davis, "The South as 'The Nation's No. 1 Economic Problem': The NEC Report of 1938," Georgia Historical Quarterly 62 (Summer 1978), 122.
11.	"Our 'No. 1 Problem,'" Boston Herald, 17 July 1938, 4, clipping in A Southerner Discovers the Southscrapbook, Daniels Papers, SHC; "Opportune Opus for Dixie," clipping, Daniels Papers, SHC; John Chamberlain, "Swing Around the South," The New Republic, 13 July 1938, 284.
12.	Sullivan, Days of Hope, 6.
13.	Quoted in Sullivan, Days of Hope, 67.
14.	Carlton and Coclanis, Confronting Southern Poverty, 11. On the Southern Policy Committee, see also Francis Pickens Miller, Man from the Valley: Memoirs of a Twentieth-Century Virginian (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1971), 81-84; George Brown Tindall, The Emergence of the New South, 1913-1945(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1967), 592-94; Bruce J. Schulman, From Cotton Belt to Sunbelt: Federal Policy, Economic Development, and the Transformation of the South, 1938-1980 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 40-43; and John Egerton, Speak Now Against the Day: The Generation Before the Civil Rights Movement in the South (New York: Knopf, 1994), 175-77.
15.	Foreman quoted in Davis, "NEC Report of 1938," 121.
16.	Lucy Daniels, the second of Daniels's four children, portrays her father as depressed, alcoholic, and emotionally abusive in her intimate memoir, With a Woman's Voice: A Writer's Struggle for Emotional Freedom(Laham, Md.: Madison Books, 2002). Biographical information on Daniels comes from this source; Charles W. Eagles, Jonathan Daniels and Race Relations: The Evolution of a Southern Liberal (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1982); and the Southern Oral History Program interview cited above.
17.	On Josephus Daniels' relationship with Franklin Roosevelt, see Carroll Kilpatrick, ed., Roosevelt and Daniels: A Friendship in Politics (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1952).
18.	The scholarship on white liberals and radicals in the pre-World War II South is large. Major works include Wilma Dykeman and James Stokely, Seeds of Southern Change: The Life of Will Alexander (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1962); Morton Sosna, In Search of the Silent South: Southern Liberals and the Race Question (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977); Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, Revolt Against Chivalry: Jessie Daniel Ames and the Women's Campaign Against Lynching (1979; rev. ed., New York: Columbia University Press, 1993); Eagles, Jonathan Daniels and Race Relations; Fred Hobson, Tell About the South: The Southern Rage to Explain (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1983) and But Now I See: The White Southern Racial Conversion Narrative (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1999); John T. Kneebone, Southern Liberal Journalists and the Issue of Race, 1920-1944 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985); Egerton, Speak Now Against the Day; Sullivan, Days of Hope; Anthony P. Dunbar,Against the Grain: Southern Radicals and Prophets, 1929-1959 (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1981; John A. Salmond, Miss Lucy of the CIO: The Life and Times of Lucy Randolph Mason, 1882-1959(Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1988); Robin D. G. Kelley, Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists During the Great Depression (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990); Robert Rodgers Korstad,Civil Rights Unionism: Tobacco Workers and the Struggle for Democracy in the Mid-Twentieth-Century South(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003); and Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, Defying Dixie: The Radical Roots of Civil Rights, 1919-1950 (New York: Norton, 2008).
19.	On the importance of the black-Left-labor coalition, see esp. Jacquelyn Hall's influential "The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past," Journal of American History 91 (March 2005), and Gilmore, Defying Dixie.
20.	Gilmore, Defying Dixie, 22. On his role in the North Carolina white supremacy campaign, see also Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996), esp. 83-84, 88-89.
21.	Eagles, Jonathan Daniels and Race Relations, 3.
22.	Eagles, Jonathan Daniels and Race Relations, 45-50.
23.	On his willingness to see Murray admitted to UNC, see Gilmore, Defying Dixie, 278. His civil rights era positions are outlined in Eagles, Jonathan Daniels and Race Relations, chs. 6 & 7.
24.	Egerton, Speak Now Against the Day, 259.
25.	Benjamin Brawley, "A Southerner's Travels at Home," Journal of Negro Education 7 (October 1938), 553.
26.	Harold Strauss to Jonathan Daniels, 25 February 1937, in Folder 151, Daniels Papers, SHC.
27.	Jonathan Daniels to Josephus Daniels, [27 February 1937?], in Folder 151, Daniels Papers, SHC.
28.	Daniels mentions the lunch in A Southerner Discovers the South, 2. On the contract negotiations, see Jonathan Daniels to Josephus Daniels, 19 April 1937, in Folder 151, Daniels Papers, SHC.
29.	Jonathan Daniels to Josephus Daniels, 19 April 1937, in Folder 151, Daniels Papers, SHC.
30.	Jonathan Daniels to Josephus Daniels, 26 April 1937, in Folder 151, Daniels Papers, SHC. Daniels wrote "Little Rocky" but I have standardized the city's name for clarity.
31.	The journal Daniels kept during his trip ran from May 5 through June 7 but ended with Daniels in Florida. It is unclear how many more days it took him to return to Raleigh or whether he followed the route described inA Southerner Discovers the South. See "Notes Made on Southern Tour," Daniels Papers, SHC.
32.	Frank L. Owsley, "Mr. Daniels Discovers the South," Southern Review 4 (1939), 666.
33.	Scholarship on both the Regionalists and the Agrarians is extensive. Major works include Daniel Joseph Singal, The War Within: From Victorian to Modernist Thought in the South (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982); Michael O'Brien, The Idea of the American South, 1920-1941 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979); Paul K. Conkin, The Southern Agrarians (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1988); Mark O. Malvasi, The Unregenerate South: The Agrarian Thought of John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate, and Donald Davidson (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1997); Paul V. Murphy, The Rebuke of History: The Southern Agrarians and American Conservative Thought (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001); Emily S. Bingham and Thomas A. Underwood, eds. The Southern Agrarians and the New Deal: Essays After I'll Take My Stand (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2001); and Michael O'Brien, Placing the South (Jackson: University of Mississippi Press, 2007).
34.	Avery Craven, review of A Southerner Discovers the South in American Journal of Sociology 44 (March 1939), 774-75; Paul H. Buck, review of A Southerner Discovers the South in Mississippi Valley Historical Review 25 (March 1939), 579-80.
35.	Craven, review in American Journal of Sociology, 775.
36.	Daniels, A Southerner Discovers the South, 11.
37.	For Daniels's conversation with Mitchell, see "Notes Made on Southern Tour," Daniels Papers, SHC.
38.	On Highlander Folk School, see John M. Glen, Highlander: No Ordinary School, 1932-1962 (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1988); and Aimee Isgrig Horton, The Highlander Folk School: A History of Its Major Programs, 1932-1961 (New York: Carlson, 1989). On the Scottsboro cases, see Dan T. Carter,Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969); James Goodman, Stories of Scottsboro (New York: Random House, 1995); and James R. Acker, Scottsboro and Its Legacy: The Cases That Challenged American Legal and Social Justice (Westport, Conn. and London: Praeger, 2008).
39.	For Daniels' visit to Tuskegee, see "Notes Made on Southern Tour," Daniels Papers, SHC.
40.	See "Notes Made on Southern Tour," Daniels Papers, SHC.

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